CRÉMIEU

CRÉMIEU, village E. of Lyons, France. Remains of the medieval gate leading to the Rue Juiverie could still be seen in the middle of the 19th century: the cemetery was near the Porte de Quirieu. The community apparently suffered during the black death (1348–49): a Jew called Abraham "l'Espagnol" was imprisoned in Crémieu in 1349 and later brought to trial. A member of the community named Croissant contributed 500 francs of the total of 610 levied on the community in 1388.   From 1441, the Jews began to move away; in 1449, to induce them to return, the Dauphin Louis appreciably reduced taxes, but failed to attract them back. From the 16th century onward many Jews with the name Crémieu or Crémieux, Carmi, etc., resided in the area, especially in Carpentras, Avignon, and northern Italy. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: Gross, Gal Jud, 261–3; F. Calvet-Rogniat, Crémieu ancien et moderne (1848), 35; R. Delachenal, Histoire de Crémieu (1889), 81ff.; P. Saint-Olive, La "Grande mortalité" en Bresse et en Bugey (1348–50) (1913), 10; Z. Szajkowski, Franco-Judaica (1962), index; Archives Juives, 4 (1967–68), 38. (Bernhard Blumenkranz)